Communicating the status of volcanic activity: revising New Zealand’s volcanic alert level system

Rational volcanic hazard forecasts and the use of volcanic alert levels

Volcanologists make hazard forecasts in order to contribute to volcanic risk assessments and decision-making, in areas where volcanic phenomena have the potential to impact societal assets. Present-day forecasts related to the potential occurrence of an eruption mostly take the form of alert levels, that are established by volcano scientists with the aim of communicating the state of a volcano ...

Pliocene volcanic activity of the Harrat Ash-Sham, South of Syria: geochemistry and petrogenesis

The Cenozoic volcanic activity of the Harrat Ash Sham volcanic field in south of Syria is a part of the extensive magmatism that took place in the auxiliary extension faults along the Dead Sea Fault Zone from upper Eocene to Holocene. Pliocene volcanic rocks form an important part of igneous succession in Syrian Part of Harrat as Sham. These rocks vary from basalts flows to scoria. Pliocene bas...

Volcanic Eruptions

New geochemical insights into volcanic degassing.

Magma degassing plays a fundamental role in controlling the style of volcanic eruptions. Whether a volcanic eruption is explosive, or effusive, is of crucial importance to approximately 500 million people living in the shadow of hazardous volcanoes worldwide. Studies of how gases exsolve and separate from magma prior to and during eruptions have been given new impetus by the emergence of more a...

New Approaches to Volcanic Time Series Analysis

The literature on geophysical time series analysis is so extensive that to review even one topic, such as volcanic tremor series, is a major task (e.g. Konstantinou and Schlindwein 2002). The purpose of this chapter is not to attempt such a review but rather to outline some new tools for nonstationary and nonlinear time series analysis that have been developed and used successfully in other are...